Integrated adaptive approach for reliable multicast transmission over geostationary satellite networks

Multiple retransmission passes, in order to ensure bit-perfect reliability in multicast transmission, results in lower resource utilization and higher session delay. Hence, an integrated adaptive transmission via the use of a cross-layer strategy is proposed in this paper in order to increase forward and return link resource utilization. Specifically, the integration of Channel State Information (CSI) collection policies in the uplink and Channel-Aware Scheduling (CAS) in the downlink is proposed in the face of fluctuating channel conditions observed by multicast terminals. The integration approach can be mathematically represented by suppression error due to the way CSI is collected and suppressed in the return link. Particularly, the suppression error occurs since only a subset of users update their CSI values at any CSI collection instant. In relation to the analytical representation of the suppression error, the performance parameters are then verified via simulation results. From the comparison, it was found that the simulation and analytical results approach agreement at large numbers of terminals. This observation suits the multicast transmission over satellite networks which expect large numbers of terminals over wide coverage

An error resilience method for depth in stereoscopic 3D video

Error resilience stereoscopic 3D video can ensure robust 3D video communication especially in high error rate wireless channel. In this paper, an error resilience method is proposed for the depth data of the stereoscopic 3D video using data partitioning. Although data partitioning method is available for 2D video, its extension to depth information has not been investigated in the context of stereoscopic 3D video. Simulation results show that the depth data is less sensitive to error and should be partitioned towards the end of the data partitions block. The partitioned depth data is then applied to an error resilience method namely multiple description coding (MDC) to code the 2D video and the depth information. Simulation results show improved performance using the proposed depth partitioning on MDC compared to the original MDC in an error prone environment

Localization and Classification of Parasitic Eggs in Microscopic Images Using an EfficientDet Detector

IPIs caused by protozoan and helminth parasites are among the most common infections in humans in LMICs. They are regarded as a severe public health concern, as they cause a wide array of potentially detrimental health conditions. Researchers have been developing pattern recognition techniques for the automatic identification of parasite eggs in microscopic images. Existing solutions still need improvements to reduce diagnostic errors and generate fast, efficient, and accurate results. Our paper addresses this and proposes a multi-modal learning detector to localize parasitic eggs and categorize them into 11 categories. The experiments were conducted on the novel Chula-ParasiteEgg-11 dataset that was used to train both EfficientDet model with EfficientNet-v2 backbone and EfficientNet-B7+SVM. The dataset has 11,000 microscopic training images from 11 categories. Our results show robust performance with an accuracy of 92%, and an F1 score of 93%. Additionally, the IOU distribution illustrates the high localization capability of the detector.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, to be published in IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 202

Depth error concealment based on decision making

One of the common form of representing stereoscopic video is combination of 2D video with its corresponding depth map which is made by a laser camera to illustrate depth in the video. When this type of video is transmitted over error prone channels, the packet loss leads to frame loss; and mostly this frame lost occur in depth frames. Thus, a depth error concealment based on decision making termed as DM-PV, which exploits high correlation of 2-D image and its corresponding depth map. The 2D image provide information about the missing frame in the depth sequence to assist the decision making process in order to conceal the lost frames. The process involves inserting proper blank frame and duplication of previous frames instead of missing frames in depth sequence. PSNR performance improves over frame copy method has no decision making. Furthermore, subjective quality of stereoscopic video is better using DM-PV

Multiple description video coding for underlay cognitive radio network

Cognitive radio (CR) with spectrum sharing allows new or secondary devices to co-exist with primary (licensed) users (PU) in accessing the spectrum. This is known as underlay CR. It allows the secondary users (SU) to transmit multimedia data services (video transmission) at low power and low data rate when the PU is using the spectrum. Hence SU can still enjoy uninterrupted video services with minimum tolerable quality. However, problem arises when SUs are subjected to interferences mainly from PU and other SUs. The objective of this paper is to provide error-free video transmission to SU in the underlay CR transmission by using an error resilience method, namely Multiple Description Coding (MDC). Since the underlay mode CR is characterized by low power, low data rate and possibly high packet loss rate, base layer video streaming of a Scalable Video Coding (SVC) with MDC is a feasible solution. The base layer video is coded using MDC with even and odd frames generating two descriptions. Simulation results show that transmitting video in the underlay CR using MDC perform better objectively and subjectively than using a single description coding (SDC)

User perception evaluations of 3D video telephony as compared to actual experience for face-to-face immersive communications

User perception evaluations of an experimental 3D video communication system are conducted utilizing bilateral experimental setup. Subjective assessment method together with the 5-grade ITU-R quality and impairment scales are adopted in these evaluations. Two sets of experimental system are installed in two evaluation booths to emulate video communication between two users at two different locations. Evaluation items are categorized into two namely 3D effects related and system related. The results indicate that video communication through the system shows positive closeness to natural face-to-face communication and the eye contact level during video communication is the only significant limitation of the experimental system thus requires improvement

Study of BER in DVB-S2 satellite implemented in Matlab

Satellite broadcasting has been considered lately as a promising media for IP streaming due to their wide coverage and high reliable bandwidth. Long propagation delay in GEO satellite system will affect the adaptive algorithms in DVBS-2/RCS systems. Long feedback delay will cause improper physical layer selection of modulation and coding (ModCod). This paper aims to provide an algorithm for physical layer selector in DVB-S2/RCS satellite systems. This algorithm will makeless ModCod switching of the adaptive coding and modulation (ACM) using reduced number of ModCod combinations. We conclude that the number of ModCods in ACM algorithm can be relatively adjusted to maximize DVB-S2 system stability

Reduced resolution depth coding for stereoscopic 3D video

In this paper, Reduced Resolution Depth Compression (RRDC) is proposed for Scalable Video Coding (SVC) to improve the 3D video rate distortion performance. RRDC is applied by using Down-Sampling and Up-Sampling (DSUS) of the depth data of the stereoscopic 3D video. The depth data is down-sampled before SVC encoding and up-sampled after SVC decoding operation. The proposed DSUS method reduces the overall bit rates and consequently: 1) improves SVC rate distortion for 3D video, particularly at lower bit rates in error free channels; and 2) improves 3D SVC performance for 3D transmission in error prone channels. The objective quality evaluation of the stereoscopic 3D video yields higher PSNR values at low bit rates for SVCDSUS compared to the original SVC (SVC-Org), which makes it advantageous in terms of reduced storage and bandwidth requirements. Moreover, the subjective quality evaluation of the stereoscopic 3D video further confirmed that the perceived stereoscopic 3D video quality of the SVC-DSUS is very similar to the stereoscopic 3D video of the SVC-Org by up to 98.2%

Multiple description coding (MDC) for video transmission in cognitive radio network systems

Over recent years, Cognitive Radio (CR) network has been extensively investigated to improve spectrum utilization and satisfy the demand of bandwidth for multimedia services such as video transmission. The size of video stream requires a large volume of network resource and becoming a challenging problem to maintain or improve the quality performance of video transmission. Multiple Description Coding (MDC) is one of the promising methods used to improve the error resilient in video transmission. Each description generated from MDC provides a low but acceptable video quality and could be enhanced into a higher quality if both are received at the receiver. The objective of this paper is to investigate the performance of video transmission in CR system using joint design of MDC method with H.264/AVC coding technique. The video performance was evaluated in three different channels; error free, random erroneous and CR channel. The simulation results show that the proposed MDC design improved the video quality performance by 3.33 % compared to the conventional Single Description Coding (SDC)

Multi-view video plus depth representation with saliency depth video

Saliency represents a region where viewers tend to put more focus on compared to other regions in an image or video. Although there are many saliency models available, very few exploit the saliency model based on depth video sequences. This paper proposed a saliency depth based video by utilizing selected saliency maps and fusing it into depth video sequences. The proposed saliency depth based model is used with multi-view video plus depth (MVD) and compressed using the latest High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) compression method. The proposed method showed a notable quality improvement on the virtual view video compared to other saliency model such as the frequency-tuned saliency model